Levels of Clientele in CHN

 Individual

Basic approaches in looking at the individual:

1. Atomistic
2. Holistic

Perspectives in understanding the individual:

1. Biological
   • unified whole
   • holon
   • dimorphism
2. Anthropological
   • essentialism
   • social constructionism
   • culture
3. Psychological
   • psychosexual
   • psychosocial
   • behaviorism
   • social learning
4. Sociological
   • family and kinship
   • social groups

Family

Models:

1. Developmental
   • Stages of Family Development
     • Stage I – Beginning Family (newly wed couples)
       • TASK: compliance with the PD 965 & acceptance of the new member of the family
     • Stage II – Early Child Bearing Family (0-30 months old)
       • TASK: emphasize the importance of pregnancy & immunization & learn the concept of parenting
     • Stage III –Family with Pre- school Children (3-6yrs old)
       • TASK: learn the concept of responsible parenthood
     • Stage IV – Family with School age Children (6-12yrs old)
       • TASK: Reinforce the concept of responsible parenthood
     • Stage V – Family with Teen Agers (13-25yrs old)
       • TASK: Parents to learn the concept of “let go system” and understands the “generation gap”
     • Stage VI – Launching Center (1st child will get married up to the last child)
       
       • TASK: compliance with the PD 965 & acceptance of the new member of the family
     • Stage VII -Family with Middle Adult parents (36-60yrs old)
       • TASK: provide a healthy environment, adjust with a new lifestyle and adjust with the financial aspect
     • Stage VIII – Aging Family (61yrs old up to death)
       • TASK: learn the concept of death positively
2. Structural-Functional
   1. Initial Data Base
      • Family structure and Characteristics
      • Socio-economic and Cultural Factors
      • Environmental Factors
      • Health Assessment of Each MemberValue Placed on Prevention of Disease
   2. First Level Assessment 
      • Health threats: conditions that are conducive to disease, accident or failure to realize one’s health potential
      • Health deficits: instances of failure in health maintenance (disease, disability, developmental lag)
      • Stress points/ Foreseeable crisis situation: 
      • anticipated periods of unusual demand on the individual or family in terms of adjustment or family resources
   3. Second Level Assessment: 
      • Recognition of the problem
      • Decision on appropriate health action
      • Care to affected family member
      • Provision of healthy home environment
      • Utilization of community resources for health care
   4. Problem Prioritization: 
      1. Nature of the problem 
         • Health deficit
         • Health threat
         • Foreseeable Crisis
      2. Preventive potential 
         • High
         • Moderate
         • Low
      3.  Modifiability 
         • Easily modifiable
         • Partially modifiable
         • Not modifiable
      4. Salience 
         • High
         • Moderate
         • Low
   5. Family Service and Progress Record 

Population Group

Vulnerable Groups:

• Infants and Young Children
• School age
• Adolescents
• Mothers
• Males
• Old People

Specialized Fields:

Community Mental Health Nursing

• A unique clinical process which includes an integration of concepts from nursing, mental health, social psychology, psychology, community networks, and the basic sciences

Occupational Health Nursing

• The application of nursing principles and procedures in conserving the health of workers in all occupations

School Health Nursing

• The application of nursing theories and principles in the care of the school population

Reference:
Community Health Nursing
Ms. Adel Morong R.N., M.S.N.