Levels of Clientele in CHN

 Individual

Basic approaches in looking at the individual:
  1. Atomistic
  2. Holistic
Perspectives in understanding the individual:
  1. Biological
    • unified whole
    • holon
    • dimorphism
  2. Anthropological
    • essentialism
    • social constructionism
    • culture
  3. Psychological
    • psychosexual
    • psychosocial
    • behaviorism
    • social learning
  4. Sociological
    • family and kinship
    • social groups
Family
Models:
  1. Developmental
    • Stages of Family Development
      • Stage I – Beginning Family (newly wed couples)
        • TASK: compliance with the PD 965 & acceptance of the new member of the family
      • Stage II – Early Child Bearing Family (0-30 months old)
        • TASK: emphasize the importance of pregnancy & immunization & learn the concept of parenting
      • Stage III –Family with Pre- school Children (3-6yrs old)
        • TASK: learn the concept of responsible parenthood
      • Stage IV – Family with School age Children (6-12yrs old)
        • TASK: Reinforce the concept of responsible parenthood
      • Stage V – Family with Teen Agers (13-25yrs old)
        • TASK: Parents to learn the concept of “let go system” and understands the “generation gap”
      • Stage VI – Launching Center (1st child will get married up to the last child)

        • TASK: compliance with the PD 965 & acceptance of the new member of the family
      • Stage VII -Family with Middle Adult parents (36-60yrs old)
        • TASK: provide a healthy environment, adjust with a new lifestyle and adjust with the financial aspect
      • Stage VIII – Aging Family (61yrs old up to death)
        • TASK: learn the concept of death positively
  2. Structural-Functional
    1. Initial Data Base
      • Family structure and Characteristics
      • Socio-economic and Cultural Factors
      • Environmental Factors
      • Health Assessment of Each MemberValue Placed on Prevention of Disease
    2. First Level Assessment 
      • Health threats: conditions that are conducive to disease, accident or failure to realize one’s health potential
      • Health deficits: instances of failure in health maintenance (disease, disability, developmental lag)
      • Stress points/ Foreseeable crisis situation: 
      • anticipated periods of unusual demand on the individual or family in terms of adjustment or family resources
    3. Second Level Assessment: 
      • Recognition of the problem
      • Decision on appropriate health action
      • Care to affected family member
      • Provision of healthy home environment
      • Utilization of community resources for health care
    4. Problem Prioritization: 
      1. Nature of the problem 
        • Health deficit
        • Health threat
        • Foreseeable Crisis
      2. Preventive potential 
        • High
        • Moderate
        • Low
      3.  Modifiability 
        • Easily modifiable
        • Partially modifiable
        • Not modifiable
      4. Salience 
        • High
        • Moderate
        • Low
    5. Family Service and Progress Record 
Population Group
Vulnerable Groups:
  • Infants and Young Children
  • School age
  • Adolescents
  • Mothers
  • Males
  • Old People
Specialized Fields:

Community Mental Health Nursing

  • A unique clinical process which includes an integration of concepts from nursing, mental health, social psychology, psychology, community networks, and the basic sciences

Occupational Health Nursing

  • The application of nursing principles and procedures in conserving the health of workers in all occupations

School Health Nursing

  • The application of nursing theories and principles in the care of the school population

Reference:
Community Health Nursing
Ms. Adel Morong R.N., M.S.N.