Directing - Test Papers

 CBSE Test Paper - 01

Chapter - 7 Directing

  1. Two way communication technique is used under ________.
    1. Democratic style
    2. Autocratic style
    3. Laissez Faire
    4. None of these
  2. Punishment and stopping increments etc. are the examples of ________.
    1. Negative Motivation
    2. Supervision
    3. Positive Motivation
    4. Communication
  3. The motivation theory which classifies needs in hierarchical order is developed by:
    1. Scott
    2. Abraham Maslow
    3. Peter F. Drucker
    4. Fred Luthans
  4. Risk-taking is an example of the following type of non-financial incentive.
    1. Employee Recognition programmes
    2. Career advancement opportunity
    3. Organizational Climate
    4. Employee empowerment
  5. ________ is an example of the medium of communication.
    1. E-Mail
    2. Letter
    3. All of these
    4. Telephone
  6. State whether each of the following statement is True or False:
    1. Participative type of leadership is also known as the democratic style of leadership.
    2. If jobs are enriched and made interesting, the job itself becomes a source of motivation for the individual.
    3. Rewarding an employee for giving valuable suggestion is a non-monetary incentive.
    4. There is no delegation of authority under the autocratic style of leadership.
  7. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:
    1. A subordinate manager does not trust his superior, it will result in ________ barrier.
    2. Warning and stopping increments are examples of ________ motivation.
    3. ________ communication is within an organisation but not officially sanctioned.
    4. A democratic leader will develop action plans and makes decisions in consultation with his ________.
  8. Match the following:
    (i) Semantic Barrier(a) Fear of authority
    (ii) Psychological Barrier(b) Status difference
    (iii) Organisational Barrier(c) Lack of attention
    (iv) Personal Barrier(d) Technical jargon
  9. Name the need which is satisfied first of all.
  10. Which kind of needs of an individual are satisfied by status given to their job?
  11. Distinguish between Managership and Leadership on the basis of Scope.
  12. What is meant by non-financial incentives? List any two non-financial incentives.
  13. Mohan and Madan are friends working in Surya Ltd. as production and sales manager, respectively. In a social gathering, Sohan informed Mohan about a change in the marketing policy of the company.
    1. Identify the type (formal/informal) of communication used in the above example.
    2. List names of any three networks of the type of communication identified in part (i).
  14. The Chief Executive Officer- CEO of Bharat Textile Limited, Mr. Om Sahukar had gone to attend, the marriage of one of his friend's daughter. There, he happened to meet an old friend of his, Mr. Ram Tripathi, who was posted as Marketing Manager in another Textile Company. Both of them began chatting. While doing so, they came to a stage when they started sharing the secret information of their respective companies. Mr. Tripathi told Mr. Sahukar that some of the big customers of the latter's company were getting associated with the former's company. All of them were unhappy with the treatment given to them by the latter's company. Mr. Sahukar made a note of this fact. No sooner did he reach his office than he called his P.A. and asked him to arrange an urgent meeting of all the big customers of the company. Mr. Sahukar explained to his P.A. the detailed message to be sent to the customers. The P.A. prepared a brief form of the message and e-mailed it to all the big customers. Very soon, the acknowledgements of the message from the customers and the information about their attendance at the meeting started reaching the company's office.
    1. Between which people the Formal and Informal Communication is taking place in the above paragraph?
    2. Identify the different stages of the communication process along with some clues.
    3. Which value has been destroyed here?
  15. Roshan is the chief chef of 'Khidmat' restaurant located in the city of Bangaluru. The place is known for its exquisite Mughlai cuisine especially mutton biryani and kababs. All the food is prepared under Roshan's purview. The various activities in the kitchen are initiated in accordance with his instructions. He is very clear and specific in issuing instructions to his subordinates in order to ensure the smooth working of the department. He personally oversees the method followed by the chefs for the preparation of each dish. He misses no opportunity to praise his subordinates for their good work. All his team members feel very happy and satisfied under his direction. He provides constant guidance to them in order to improve upon its taste and presentation and also encourages them to innovate and be more creative in their work.
    In the above context:
    1. Identify the various elements of directing mentioned in the above paragraph by quoting lines from the paragraph.
    2. Describe briefly any two points to highlight the importance of directing as a function of management.
  16. Describe the role of motivation in directing function of management.
  17. “Managerial functions cannot be carried out without an efficient system of communication”. Do you agree with this statement? Give any five reasons in support of your answer.
  18. Rakesh is working under his superior, Neeraj. He always communicates useful ideas and suggestions to his superiors regarding the reduction of cost, improvement in the product, etc. Neeraj implements his suggestions and has always found favourable results, but he never appreciates Rakesh for his suggestions. Rakesh decided not to communicate any suggestion or idea to Neeraj. Identify the factor which acts as a communication barrier. Explain three other factors of the same group of communication barriers.

CBSE Test Paper - 01
Chapter - 7 Directing

Solution

  1. (a) Democratic style
    Explanation: A democratic leader will develop action plans and makes decisions in consultation with his subordinates. Two-way communication technique is used under democratic leadership style.
  2. (a) Negative Motivation
    Explanation: Motivation can be either positive or negative. Negative moti­vation uses negative means like punishment, stopping increments, threatening etc. which also may induce a person to act in the desired way.
  3. (b) Abraham Maslow
    Explanation: Maslow's 'hierarchy of needs' is a theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in Psychological Review.
  4. (c) Organizational Climate
    Explanation: Organizational climate indicates the characteristics which describe an organization and distinguish one organization from the other. Risk-taking is one of this characteristic.
  5. (c) All of these
    Explanation: e-mail, letter and telephone, all are the medium of communication.
    1. True
    2. True
    3. True
    4. True
    1. Psychological
    2. negative
    3. Informal
    4. subordinates
  8. (i) - (d), (ii) - (c), (iii) - (b), (iv) - (a)
  9. Physiological needs
  10. Basic Physiological needs, Safety/Security needs and esteem needs are satisfied by status given to their job.
  11. The scope of managership is wider than leadership.
  12. Non-monetary or non-financial incentives are those incentives which do not involve monetary benefits. These incentives are based on factors which gives a feeling of satisfaction of doing or accomplishing something worth-while to the workers.
    The two non-financial incentives are:
    1. Participation in management decisions: Workers’ participation in management provides a significant incentive to the workers. It gives them psychological satisfaction that their voice is being heard as workers’ participation in management provides two-way communication.
    2. Job security: Generally, workers prefer job security. It is an assurance by the employer that the worker will continue in the employment.
    1. Informal communication
      1. Single strand network.
      2. Gossip network.
      3. Probability network.
    1. Formal Communication: Between the CEO and Customers.
      Informal Communication: Between Mr. Sahukar and Mr. Ram Tripathi
    2. Different Stages of Communication Process:
      1. Sender: CEO
      2. Message: Information about the meeting
      3. Encoding: Preparing a brief form of the Message by the P.A.
      4. Medium: E-mail
      5. Decoding: Reading the message by the customers
      6. Receiver: Customers
      7. Feedback: The acknowledgement of the message sent by customers
    3. Destruction of the value of Loyalty: Here Mr. Tripathi is not loyal towards his company.
    1. It has been made clear in the nature of leading that it is not a single activity but a group of functions. On the same basis, the following functions are included in its scope:
      1. Supervision,
      2. Communication,
      3. Leadership, and
      4. Motivation.
    2. Importance of directing is as follows:
      1. Initiates Action
        Each and every action in an organization is initiated only through directing. The managers direct the subordinates about what to do, how to do when to do and also see to it that their instructions are properly followed.
      2. Ingrates Efforts
        Directing integrates the efforts of all the employees and departments through persuasive leadership and effective communication towards the accomplishment of organizational goals.
      3. Motivates Employees
        A manager identifies the potential and abilities of its subordinates and helps them to give their best. He also motivates them by offering them financial and non-financial incentives to improve their performance.
      4. Provides Stability
        Stability is significant in the growth of any organization. Effective directing develops co-operation and commitment among the employees and creates a balance among various departments and groups.
      5. Coping up with the Changes Employees have a tendency to resist any kind of change in the organization. But, adapting the environmental changes is necessary for the growth of the organization. A manager through motivation, proper communication and leadership can make the employees understand the nature and contents of change and also the positive aftermaths of the change. This will help in a smooth adaptation of the changes without any friction between the management and employees.
      6. Effective Utilization of Resources
        It involves defining the duties and responsibilities of every subordinate clearly thereby avoiding wastages, duplication of efforts, etc. and utilizing the resources of men, machine, materials, and money in the maximum possible way. It helps in reducing costs and increasing profits.
  16. Mainly because it allows management to meet the company's goals. Without a motivated workplace, companies could be placed in a very risky position. Motivated employees can lead to increased productivity and allow an organisation to achieve higher levels of output. The role of motivation in directing function of management is as follows:
    1. Changes a negative attitude to a positive attitude: Sometimes, workers have an indifferent or negative attitude towards work. Motivation helps to build a positive attitude towards work through suitable rewards, positive encouragement and praise for good work.
    2. Improves efficiency: Motivation influences the level of performance of employees which depends not only on individual abilities but also on their willingness to achieve a higher level of performance. Motivation bridges the gap between the ability to work and a willingness to work.
    3. Creates supportive work environment: Organisation offers various rewards to their employees to satisfy their diverse needs. They offer monetary rewards, promotional opportunities, recognition for efficient work and involvement of employees in decision-making. These bring satisfaction among employees. Such satisfaction leads to a cordial relationship between the employer and employee.
    4. Helps to introduce changes smoothly: Whenever some changes are brought in the organisation, employees resist change. However, with proper motivation, employees can be convinced that the proposed changes will bring additional rewards to the employees, This will help them to readily accept the changes.
  17. "Managerial functions cannot be carried out without an efficient system of communication". Yes, I do agree with this statement. An efficient system of communication is required because of the following reasons:
    1. Acts as the basis of coordination: Communication acts as the basis of coordination. It plays an important role in developing the coordination among departments, various activities and employees in the organization. This coordination is possible only through effective communication, which is helpful in exchanging ideas, information, facts and opinions etc. Organizational goals can be achieved effectively and efficiently if these goals are clearly clarified to the subordinates and there is mutual cooperation between departments, activities and people.
    2. Acts as the basis of decision-making: Communication provides information needed for decision-making. In the absence of effective communication, it may be difficult for managers to take quick and effective decisions. It gives a practical shape to the management decisions. Proper and effective communication plays important role in making the right decisions.
    3. Helps in the smooth working of an enterprise: An effective communication system serves as a lubricant, fostering the smooth, efficient and unrestricted functioning of the business organization. All successful organizational interactions depend on effective communication. Through effective communication managers give clear directions to subordinates for the smooth functioning of an enterprise. The smooth functioning of an enterprise is possible only when there is no communication gap.
    4. Increases managerial efficiency: Communication helps in increasing managerial efficiency. Through communication, managers convey instructions, goals and targets to the subordinates and allocate work and responsibility to them and evaluate their performance. Thus, communication lubricates the entire organization and keeps the organization at work with efficiency.
    5. Promotes cooperation and industrial peace: Through two-way communication process managers try to develop mutual understanding between management and employees. Effective communication plays important role in developing mutual cooperation and industrial peace.
  18. “Lack of proper incentives” acts as a communication barrier in case of Rakesh. Three other Personal barriers are:
    1. Less faith in subordinates: Often, the superiors have a lack of confidence in the subordinates and, therefore, doubt on their capacity to provide relevant information. They deliberately ignore the suggestions and recommendations from the subordinates and discourages them to further communicate. This lowers the morale of the employees and hinders the communication process.
    2. Fear of challenges of Authority: There is a fear in the minds of the superiors that if they will not perform in line with their authority, they will be demoted to the lower levels. And, thus in order to maintain their level they intentionally hide their weaknesses by not communicating their ideas to others.
    3. Unwillingness to communicate with the Superiors: Often the subordinates do not communicate with their superiors with an intention to conceal the information which is of a negative nature and can have an adverse effect. If the subordinate is required to inform his superior then, he modifies the information in such a way that it does not have a negative impact. Thus, by not providing the information in its actual form, the communication process is tempered.