Ch22 India Geographical Perspective - Test Papers

 CBSE Test Paper 01

Ch-22 India Geographical Perspective

  1. Write four problems regarding urban waste disposal in India.

  2. Which stretch of Yamuna river is most polluted?

  3. Which is the main source of environmental pollution in India?

  4. What do you mean by environmental pollution?

  5. The urban waste should be properly treated as a resource for various needs of mankind. Explain the values that can help in changing the urban waste into resources.

  6. "Indiscriminate use of water by increasing population and industrial expansion has led to degradation of the water quality considerably in India". Explain the values that can help in maintaining the quality of water.

  7. How is the degradation of cultivable land one of the serious problems in India? Explain in any three points.

  8. How do industries pollute India’s water bodies? Explain with examples.

  9. How has noise pollution become hazardous in many big cities of India? Explain with examples.

  10. Describe the sources which are responsible for water pollution in India.

CBSE Test Paper 01
Ch-22 India Geographical Perspective

Answer

    1. Lack of proper place for the dumping of urban waste material.
    2. Throwing of industrial waste into rivers, which in turn increases water pollution.
    3. Soil pollution is caused due to uncontrolled chemical seepage in the ground.
    4. Fear of spreading disease due to air pollution and bad smell from urban waste.

  2. Delhi to Etawa stretch of the Yamuna river is most polluted.

  3. Industries are the main source of environmental pollution in India.

  4. Environmental pollution results from the release of substances and energy from waste products of human activities.

  5. The urban waste disposal is a serious problem. It should be treated properly to use as a source for various needs of mankind. It can be used in the following way:

    1. Solid waste can be changed into compost manure from bio-degradable organic material. It can be used in farming.
    2. Plastic and other synthetic material which take much longer time to decompose should be recycled.
    3. Municipal waste which is dumped into low lying areas on the outskirts of a city should be treated well so that it can be used as manure in farming.
    4. Untreated waste and garbage can be used to generate gas which is used in domestic purpose.

  6. Following values will help in maintaining the quality of water:

    1. Creating Awareness: Creating awareness of our environment is very important. The government should try to make people aware of the importance of water.
    2. Participation of Community: By creating awareness and making community participate in saving water will help in maintaining the quality of water.
    3. Use of New Techniques: It will also maintain the quality of water.

  7. Degradation of cultivable land is one of the serious problems in India because:

    1. The limited availability and deterioration of quality of land, both are responsible to exert pressure on agricultural land.
    2. Soil erosion, water-logging, salinisation and alkalinisation of land lead to land degradation which declines productivity of the land.
    3. Natural and man-made processes, both degrade the quality of the land.

  8. Waste-water, poisonous gases, chemical residuals, numerous heavy metals, dust, smoke, etc from industries contribute to water pollution. During the last fifty years, the number of industries in India has grown rapidly. But water pollution is concentrated within a few sub-sections, mainly in the form of toxic wastes and organic pollutants. Most of these defaulting industries are leather, pulp and paper, textiles, chemicals, sugar mills, distilleries, and thermal power stations. Not all industries have treatment facilities for industrial effluents. As small-scale industries cannot afford enormous investments in pollution control equipment as their profit margin is very slender.

  9. Noise pollution refers to a noise that causes a condition which is unbearable and uncomfortable for human beings. After technological innovations, it has become a serious problem, especially in urban areas. The noise can be from various sources such as:

    1. Factories, mechanised construction and demolition works, aircrafts automobiles loudspeaker, siren, etc.
    2. The noise produced by traffic is a major source of noise pollution. It creates a huge inconvenience for the people. Intensity and nature of noise made by traffic is dependent on various factors such as type of vehicle, (aircraft, train, etc) condition of road and condition of the vehicle (in case of automobiles).
    3. In sea traffic, noise pollution is limited to the harbour because of the loading and unloading activities of containers.
    4. Noise pollution from industries is also a serious problem, but its intensity varies because of some factors such as types of industry, types of machines and tools, etc.

  10. The main factors responsible for water pollution in India are as mentioned below :

    1. Industries produce several undesirable products such as industrial wastes, polluted wastewater poisonous gases, chemical residuals numerous heavy metals and dust which are disposed of in running water or lake and pollutes water.
    2. Urban sewage disposal municipal and domestic garbages are disposed of in the river.
    3. Natural resources, erosion, landslides decay and decomposition of plants and animals to pollute water.
    4. Nuclear power plants too pollute water.
    5. Disposal of corpses ashes and emersion of idols into water are also responsible for the pollution.
    6. Major water-polluting industries are leather, pulp and paper, textiles and chemicals.
    7. Water pollution is a source of various water-borne diseases. The diseases commonly caused due to contaminated water are diarrhoea, intestinal worms, hepatitis, etc.